IPv4 kunye ne-IPv6 ziinguqulelo ezimbini ze-Internet Protocol (IP), kwaye kukho umahluko ophambili phakathi kwazo.Nazi ezinye zeeyantlukwano eziphambili phakathi kwazo:
1. Ubude bedilesi:IPv4isebenzisa ubude beedilesi ezingama-32-bit, okuthetha ukuba inokubonelela ngeedilesi ezahlukeneyo ezimalunga ne-4.3 yeebhiliyoni.Xa kuthelekiswa, i-IPv6 isebenzisa ubude bedilesi ye-128-bit kwaye inokubonelela malunga ne-3.4 x 10^38 iidilesi, inani elidlula kude isithuba sedilesi ye-IPv4.
2. Indlela yokubonakalisa idilesi:Iidilesi ze-IPv4 zidla ngokuchazwa ngokwefomathi yedesimali enamachokoza, njenge-192.168.0.1.Ngokuchaseneyo, iidilesi ze-IPv6 zisebenzisa ikholoni ye-hexadecimal notation, efana no-2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.
3. Indlela kunye noyilo lwenethiwekhi:Ukusukela okoIPv6inendawo enkulu yedilesi, ukuhlanganiswa kwendlela kunokwenziwa ngokulula, oku kunceda ukunciphisa ubungakanani beetafile zendlela kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwendlela.
4. Ukhuseleko:I-IPv6 ibandakanya inkxaso yokhuseleko eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, kuquka i-IPSec (IP Security), ebonelela nge-encryption kunye nobuchule bokuqinisekisa.
5. Ulungelelwaniso oluzenzekelayo:IPv6 ixhasa uqwalaselo oluzenzekelayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ujongano lomsebenzi wothungelwano lunokufumana ngokuzenzekelayo idilesi kunye nolunye ulwazi loqwalaselo ngaphandle kobumbeko lwezandla.
6. Iintlobo zeenkonzo:IPv6 ikwenza kube lula ukuxhasa iindidi zeenkonzo ezithile, ezinje ngemultimedia kunye nosetyenziso lwexesha lokwenyani.
7. Ukushukuma:IPv6 yenzelwe inkxaso yezixhobo eziphathwayo engqondweni, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukusebenzisa i-IPv6 kuthungelwano oluphathwayo.
8. Ifomathi yeheader:Iifomathi zeheader ze-IPv4 kunye ne-IPv6 nazo zahlukile.I-header ye-IPv4 yi-20 bytes esisigxina, ngelixa i-header ye-IPv6 iyaguquguquka ngokobukhulu.
9. Umgangatho weNkonzo (QoS):I-header ye-IPv6 iqulethe intsimi evumela ukuphawula okuphambili kunye nokuhlelwa kwetrafikhi, okwenza kube lula ukuphumeza i-QoS.
10. Usasazo oluninzi kunye nosasazo:Xa kuthelekiswa ne-IPv4, i-IPv6 ixhasa ngcono i-multicast kunye nemisebenzi yosasazo.
IPv6 ineengenelo ezininzi kwi-IPv4, ngakumbi ngokwendawo yedilesi, ukhuseleko, ukushukumiseka kunye neentlobo zenkonzo.Kwiminyaka ezayo, sinokubona izixhobo ezininzi kunye nothungelwano lufudukela kwi-IPv6, ngakumbi iqhutywa yi-IoT kunye ne-5G teknoloji.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-04-2024
